Fact Families Worksheets

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Addition and subtraction fact families within 10 and 20 for 1st grade, and multiplication and division fact families for 3rd grade.

1st grade fact families

Addition and subtraction fact families within 10 and 20, written in fact family houses.

Multiplication and division fact families: one array or three numbers, four facts.

Print at 100% (actual size) for the cleanest tracing lines.

A fact family is a group of facts that use the same three numbers. 3, 5 and 8 make 3 + 5 = 8, 5 + 3 = 8, 8 − 3 = 5 and 8 − 5 = 3.

Fact families show that subtraction undoes addition and division undoes multiplication, so every fact a child knows gives them three more for free.

Each sheet has an answer key on page 2.

CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.1.OA.B.4Understand subtraction as an unknown-addend problem. For example, subtract 10 - 8 by finding the number that makes 10 when added to 8.
CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.3.OA.B.6Understand division as an unknown-factor problem. For example, find 32 ÷ 8 by finding the number that makes 32 when multiplied by 8.

Start with three counters or blocks and act out all four facts.
Fill in the fact family houses: the three numbers go in the roof, the four facts in the rooms.
Ask which number is the whole and which are the parts.
Use fact families to check answers: if 14 − 6 = 8, then 8 + 6 should be 14.

The biggest number is the whole: it comes first in subtraction and last in addition.
Doubles like 4, 4 and 8 only make two different facts.
In multiplication families the product is the biggest number, except when one factor is 1.
Say each fact out loud as you write it.

What is a fact family in math?

A fact family is a set of related facts using the same three numbers, such as 4 × 6 = 24, 6 × 4 = 24, 24 ÷ 4 = 6 and 24 ÷ 6 = 4.

Why does a doubles fact family have only two facts?

With 5, 5 and 10, turning the addends around gives the same fact, so the family is just 5 + 5 = 10 and 10 − 5 = 5.