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Long Division Worksheets

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Long division with 1-digit divisors: a step-by-step guide, guided pages with bring-down arrows, remainders, zeros in the quotient, area models and checks.

Download the long division worksheets

How to do long division

A worked example with every step spelled out, then three guided problems.

2-digit by 1-digit

The first long division pages: two steps, with arrows to show each bring-down, and pages with remainders.

3-digit by 1-digit

Three-digit dividends, with and without remainders, and quotients with a 0 in them.

4-digit by 1-digit

Four-digit dividends up to 9,999, the largest in 4th grade, with and without remainders.

Long division practice

The same skill on a plain grid with no guides, plus a page that checks each answer by multiplying.

Area model division

The dividend split into parts the divisor goes into (524 = 400 + 120 + 4), so each part is easy to divide.

Divide multiples of 10, 100 and 1,000

Mental division with place value: 2,400 ÷ 6 = 400 because 24 ÷ 6 = 4.

Print at 100% (actual size) for the cleanest tracing lines.

About these long division worksheets

Long division breaks a big division into small ones. To divide 745 by 3, you divide the hundreds first (7 ÷ 3 = 2 with 1 left), bring down the next digit to make 14 tens, divide again, and keep going until every digit is used. The same four steps repeat each time: divide, multiply, subtract, bring down. What is left at the end is the remainder.

The guided pages print the steps for the child: a box over each digit of the quotient, a minus sign and a line for every subtraction, and a dotted arrow for every digit that is brought down, all on light grid lines so the columns stay straight. Once that works, the practice pages give the same problems on a plain grid, and the divide-and-check page closes the loop by multiplying back.

There are pages for 2-digit, 3-digit and 4-digit dividends, with and without remainders, a page of quotients with zeros in them (the classic trap), and an area model page that shows what long division really does. Every answer key shows every step of the work, not just the quotient.

Standards

  • CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.4.NBT.B.6Find whole-number quotients and remainders with up to four-digit dividends and one-digit divisors, using strategies based on place value, the properties of operations, and/or the relationship between multiplication and division. Illustrate and explain the calculation by using equations, rectangular arrays, and/or area models.
  • CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.4.OA.A.3Solve multistep word problems posed with whole numbers and having whole-number answers using the four operations, including problems in which remainders must be interpreted. Represent these problems using equations with a letter standing for the unknown quantity. Assess the reasonableness of answers using mental computation and estimation strategies including rounding.

How to use them

  1. Start with How to Do Long Division: one worked example with each step in words, then three problems to try.
  2. Use the 2-digit pages until the four steps feel routine, then move to 3-digit and 4-digit dividends.
  3. Add the remainder pages once children can divide without one.
  4. Give Zeros in the Quotient on its own. Children who skip the 0 get answers ten times too small.
  5. Switch to the practice pages (no arrows or lines) when children no longer need the guides, and use Divide and Check every so often.

Teaching tips

  • If the first digit is smaller than the divisor, start with the first two digits: in 156 ÷ 4, ask how many 4s are in 15.
  • After each subtraction, the number left must be smaller than the divisor. If it is not, the quotient digit is too small.
  • Every digit that is brought down needs a digit on top, even if that digit is 0.
  • Check by multiplying: quotient × divisor + remainder = dividend.
  • Grid paper helps. A digit in the wrong column is the most common long division mistake.

Questions teachers and parents ask

What are the steps of long division?

Divide, multiply, subtract, bring down, and repeat until every digit has been brought down. Whatever is left at the end is the remainder.

When do children learn long division?

In 4th grade, children divide up to 4-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers, with remainders. Dividing by 2-digit numbers comes in 5th grade.

What if the divisor does not go into a digit?

Write 0 in the quotient above that digit, then bring down the next digit. Forgetting the 0 is the most common long division mistake.

How do I check a long division answer?

Multiply the quotient by the divisor and add the remainder. The result should be the number you started with.